RESEARCH ARTICLE
Photoacoustic Imaging of Enucleated Eyes from Patients with Uveal Melanoma can Reveal Extrascleral Growth
Ulf Dahlstrand1, *, Aboma Merdasa1, Jenny Hult1, John Albinsson1, Magnus Cinthio2, Rafi Sheikh1, Malin Malmsjö1
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2021Volume: 15
First Page: 270
Last Page: 276
Publisher ID: TOOPHTJ-15-270
DOI: 10.2174/1874364102115010270
Article History:
Received Date: 17/7/2021Revision Received Date: 6/10/2021
Acceptance Date: 28/10/2021
Electronic publication date: 23/12/2021
Collection year: 2021
open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Background:
Uveal melanoma is treated by either enucleation (removal of the eye) or local eye-sparing therapies, depending on tumor size and whether there are signs of extrascleral growth. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a novel imaging modality that provides high-resolution images of the molecular composition of tissues.
Objective:
In this study, the feasibility of PA imaging for uveal melanomas and detection of extrascleral growth was explored.
Methods:
Seven enucleated human eyes with uveal melanomas were examined using PA imaging. The spectral signatures of the melanomas and the layers of the normal eyewall were characterized using 59 excitation wavelengths from 680 to 970 nm.
Results:
Significant differences were seen between the spectra obtained from melanoma and the healthy eyewall. Using spectral unmixing, melanin, hemoglobin and collagen could be mapped out, showing the architecture of the tumor in relation to the eyewall. This allowed visualization of regions where the tumor extended into the extrascleral space.
Conclusion:
PA imaging appears to have the potential to aid in assessing uveal melanomas and as a diagnostic tool for the detection of extrascleral growth.