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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Masquerading Orbital Sarcoidosis with Isolated Extraocular Muscle Involvement

The Open Ophthalmology Journal 29 Apr 2016 RESEARCH ARTICLE DOI: 10.2174/1874364101610010140

Abstract

Two patients, previously diagnosed and treated for euthyroid, autoantibody-negative thyroid eye disease, presented with active orbitopathy. An atypical disease course and presentation prompted orbital biopsy. Extraocular muscle histopathology demonstrated noncaseating granulomatous inflammation consistent with presumed orbital sarcoidosis involving multiple extraocular muscles, including the inferior oblique in one of the cases. These two cases emphasize the importance of a broad differential diagnosis and the utility of an orbital biopsy in the context of an unusual disease presentation or poor treatment response. The patients’ clinical course is discussed alongside important clinical signs, imaging findings, and biopsy results that support a diagnosis of isolated orbital sarcoidosis.

Keywords: Carotid-cavernous fistula, extraocular muscles, orbital sarcoidosis, orbital biopsy, thyroid eye disease.
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