RESEARCH ARTICLE


Refractive Error and Ocular Biometry Among Young adults From Cuiabá, Brazil



Celso Marcelo Cunha1, *
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, Giovanna Marchezine2
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, Jessica Teixeira Cunha3
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, Guilherme Morais Baracat de Lima4
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, Ingrid Martins Monteiro da Silva4
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, João Marcelo Vedoin Rosa4
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, Mariana Madrona Ribeiro4
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, Matheus Bittencourt Novaes4
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, Vinicius Dal Ponte Carvalho4
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, José Eduardo de Aguilar Nascimento5
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, Rafael Iribarren6
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1 Oftalmocenter Santa Rosa Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
2 UNIVAG – MT. Várzea Grande, MT, Brazil
3 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
4 Medicine University Students, UNIVAG – MT, Várzea Grande, MT, Brazil
5 Director of the Faculty of Medicine UNIVAG - MT. Várzea Grande, MT, Brazil
6 Drs. Iribarren Eye Consultants, Buenos Aires, Argentina


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Creative Commons License
© 2023 Cunha et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Oftalmocenter Santa Rosa Cuiabá, MT, Brazil; E-mail: dr.cmcconsultor@gmail.com


Abstract

Objective:

To investigate the distribution of refractive errors and their association with ocular biometric data, family history, and environment variables in medical university students of first to six semesters of UNIVAG - MT.

Methods:

A general ophthalmological exam was performed including corneal topography and ocular optical biometry. Lens power has calculated by Bennett and Rozema’s formula. A questionnaire regarding a family history of myopia and lifestyle visual activities was applied. Only university students with normal ophthalmological exams were included. Statistical significance was considered at the level of p<0.05.

Results:

One hundred twenty-eight students were selected, whereas the other 13 were excluded. The mean age was 21.28 ± 2.18 years. Forty-four (34.4%) participants were males. Regarding refractive errors, 18 (14.1%) were hyperopic, 41 (32%) were emmetropic, 61 (47.7%) were myopic, and 8 (6.3%) were high myopic. The mean and standard deviations of spherical equivalents, axial lengths, keratometries (K1 and K2), and lens powers were -1.27 ± 2.21 D, 24.17 ± 1.07 mm, 42.90 ± 1.25 D, 43.94 ± 1.37 D, and 22.62 ± 1.73 D, respectively. In relation to the family history of myopia, one parent was myopic in 28 (50%) of the subjects, and both parents were myopic in 7 (12.5%) subjects. The average of hours per week spent outdoors were 5.82 +/- 5.80 hs. and spent 2.18 +/- 2.37 hs. at sports activities at night.

Conclusion:

Myopia was the most frequent refractive error among the medical university students subject of this study, and was approximately three times higher than those reported for other samples of the Brazilian population. There was a positive correlation between refraction errors and axial length.

Keywords: Refractive errors, Myopia, Axial length, Ocular biometry, Cycloplegic refraction, Gender.